Typhoid fever can be transmitted by the

• A. Air
• B. Water
• C. Fly
• D. Food

Answer: (C)

Typhoid fever spreads primarily via the fecal-oral route, with the causative Salmonella Typhi shed in human feces. Flies can act as mechanical vectors, picking up bacteria from contaminated feces and transferring them to food or surfaces that people then ingest, which makes this a classic transmission route in settings with poor sanitation. Air isn’t a typical route for typhoid, since it isn’t spread through airborne droplets. While contaminated water or food can cause infection, the option highlighting flies best reflects the common vector mechanism emphasized in public health and exam contexts.